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A power plant controller is an essential component of a power plant; more specifically, it is a component in the grid connection point (GCP) where relevant information is exchanged between the plant and the grid operator.
“WAGO Power Plant Control” is a library with a control algorithm for active and/or reactive power certified per VDE-AR-N 4110/4120. It can be used on the second-generation PFC200 Controller. This controller has two ETHERNET ports, which can be used as switches, or separately over two isolated networks. This makes it possible to communicate directly from the controller with the grid operator and direct marketer, through a VPN tunnel with secure end-to-end encryption – for example, via standard protocols like IEC 60870 -104/101 and Modbus® or ripple control receivers, etc. This allows transfer of the active power, the reactive power or the power factor cos phi, among other things. The overall system allows customers to implement tailored power plant controllers.
All information, datasheets, the manual, the simulation model, certificates and a 30-day trial version are available for download as a compact file.
The percentage of renewable energy in the power grid is increasing, and we want this increase to continue – but without endangering the stability of the grid. For this reason, the technical connection rules (TCRs) for decentralized power plants have been made tightened. A central element of this is a power plant controller, which must have a corresponding component certificate, or else it cannot be put into operation and connected to the grid. However, only companies certified per ISO 9001 can get this component certificate.
The power plant controller forms the interface between the plant and the power supplier, the grid operator the direct marketer, in order to allow the control power to be sold on the exchange, for example. In the process, it regulates the setpoint values for active and/or reactive power at the grid connection point (GCP). It compares these setpoints to the measured actual values at the GCP and communicates the calculated control variable to the generating systems. With the help of the power plant controller, the grid operator can control the plant feed-in via specified characteristics on the generator side. A good way to picture it is as the grid operator’s “accelerator and brake pedals” for power plants, since generation and consumption must be in harmony at all times.
Many grid operators also require an interface of the so-called intelligent customer station with the energy supplier. This allows actual values and errors to be monitored at all times on the customer station. The grid operator has switching power within its area of authority, so it can reestablish the power supply within seconds. The grid information this makes available helps grid managers achieve better utilization.
No, each plant is different. However, a flexible concept can help plant planners and operators and system integrators save a great deal of time and effort. Therefore, a great variety of projects can be realized with the Linux®-based controllers and the modular WAGO I/O System – for instance, from the building, energy and e-mobility industries – regardless of the prevailing plant configuration. The control solution also allows battery storage systems and loads to be connected and controlled directly. And the second-generation PFC200 understands much more than just the more common protocols on the market.
The VDE-AR-N 4110 Technical Connection Rules for Medium Voltage are rules of use that form the technical basis for grid connection and plant operation on the medium-voltage level, into which a large number of power plants feed power. They were developed jointly with VDE FNN, the Network Technology/Network Operation Forum, a committee of the Association for Electrical, Electronic and Information Technologies (VDE). Their purpose it to allow grid operators to continue to be able to ensure grid stability as the share of renewable energies grows. For power plants that will feed into the medium-voltage grid in the future, the Technical Connection Rules for Medium Voltage mandate a so-called component certificate for the required power plant controller.
Since April 27, 2019, the Technical Connection Rules for Medium Voltage have applied to all plants going into operation that generate 135 kW or more of power in the voltage range from 1 to 60 kV.
This applies to the following:
- Combined heat and power cogeneration plants
- Biogas plants*
- Photovoltaic systems
- Wind power stations
- Geothermal plants
- Hydroelectric power plants
- Storage systems
- Mixed systems
* As part of increasing flexibility, many of these plants are being expanded to double to triple generator power and delivery rate. When such plants are expanded with total output at the grid connection point (GCP) of 135 kW or greater, they must follow the new usage guidelines.