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Power supply units ensure more efficient processes.

Just like Before, Only Better!

High-rise buildings in France, tunnels in Switzerland, prestressed concrete ceilings in Germany – one source of their stability is wire products from Kehl in Baden-Württemberg. Badische Drahtwerke GmbH (BDW) supplies reinforcing steel mesh, reinforcement cages, lattice girders and many other rebar and reinforcement products to the region and neighboring countries. When the machines used to produce lattice girders had to undergo a safety update, the engineers took advantage of the communication capabilities of an intelligent power supply from WAGO to improve process efficiency.

Reinforced concrete is one of the most important building materials in the world today. It is the first choice for any construction requiring tensile strength. The reinforcing steel used comes in the form of rebar, reinforcing mesh, lattice girders or reinforcing wire. On average, BDW supplies more than half a million metric tons of such steel products every year. It manufactures top-quality products with the latest production technology while meeting the highest occupational safety and environmental protection standards. With certified quality, environmental protection and energy management procedures, BDW makes sure it always meets both its customers’ needs and all the regulatory requirements. The heart of the production process for many different reinforcement products, many of them customized, is always steel wires between 4 and 25 millimeters thick. To create the reinforcement products by bending and joining the wires, the wires first need to be unwound from coils; only then can the straightening, bending and cutting equipment do its work. The coils weigh tons, and care is required when unwinding them – the unwinding process needs to counteract the curve in the wire that the winding caused. In this straightening process, the torsion of the steel, the twisting in the longitudinal direction, plays an important role. This must not be too high for further processing.

Absolute Straightness for a Length of up to 15 Meters: Lattice Girders from Kehl

One of BDW’s most important product families is lattice girders: reinforcing elements consisting of parallel bars connected by diagonal bars arranged at a fixed distance. BDW sells lattice girders in many variants up to a length of 15 meters. They can be used to ensure the load-bearing capacity and usability of concrete slabs or to join prefabricated slabs and cast-in-place concrete. The diagonal bars are connected to the parallel bars, called chords, by resistance spot welding. Smooth, profiled or ribbed steel wire is the basic material of such lattice girders. In Kehl, twelve machines produced these on a continuous line.

Particular attention is paid to the upper chord, whose residual stress contributes significantly to the straightness of the end product. “After unwinding and straightening, the upper chord is passed through a twisting machine again,” explains Paulo Luis, who is responsible for large machinery automation and optimization at BDW in Kehl. “The machine operators adjust the straightening rollers according to the material, cross-section geometry and initial curvature. They can see if they need to intervene to keep the girder from tipping or warping.”

For many years, the machine operators adjusted the spacing of the intermeshing rollers via a spindle using a handwheel. Modernization work to increase efficiency and occupational safety immediately presented Luis and his team with multiple challenges: “The straightening rollers were now located in the safety zone behind a protective grille,” he explains. “To operate the hand crank, the operators had to switch the machines from automatic to manual mode, open the grille, make adjustments, close the grille and switch back to automatic mode. If they opened it inadvertently, the entire line would go into emergency stop.”

Greater Safety Requires Rethinking

To make the processes more efficient and simpler, the decision-makers at BDW chose to implement the spindle movement with a 24 V motor in the future. This had far-reaching consequences: Since the diameter of the upper chord can range between 4 and 16 millimeters, depending on the product, and other parameters also need to be taken into account, it is not possible to specify one universal switch-off point for the motor that adjusts the straightening rollers via the spindle.

“With other straightening equipment, we use sensors to determine end positions,” explains Luis. “But in this case, the rollers are interlocked, and we run a wide variety of different wires through them, so that would have been extremely expensive.” The possible variants all had disadvantages, as he explains: “For example, we would have had to install multiple sensors, including cables, in an area that places very high demands on the components in terms of vibration. Our next approach was a conventional motor protection switch. We rejected that option because every time it tripped, it would have required an electrician to acknowledge it at the control cabinet. That would have been totally unacceptable.”

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